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On-line Advertising Revenues |
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Although Internet advertising only really started in 1994, revenues showed a steady and fast growth. In 1997 US$ 906.5 million were spent on on-line advertising. Compared with advertising revenue for the television industry in equivalent dollars for its third year, the Internet was slightly ahead, at US$ 907 million compared to television's US$ 834 million. 1998 on-line advertising grew by 112 percent to US$ 1.92 billion in revenues, and is on track to hit US$ 4 billion in 1999, which would put Internet advertising at about 2 percent of the U.S. ad market.
Table: Spending on On-Line Advertising by Category
(first quarter 1999)
Category
| Percent
| Consumer-related
| 27 %
| Financial services
| 21 %
| Computing
| 20 %
| Retail/mail order
| 13 %
| New media
| 8 %
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Table: Types of On-Line Advertising
(first quarter 1999)
Type of Advertising
| Percent
| Banners
| 58 %
| Sponsorships
| 29 %
| Interstitials
| 6 %
| E-mail
| 1 %
| Others
| 6 %
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Source: Internet Advertising Bureau (IAB).
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Feedback
In biology, feedback refers to a response within a system (molecule, cell, organism, or population) that influences the continued activity or productivity of that system. In essence, it is the control of a biological reaction by the end products of that reaction. Similar usage prevails in mathematics, particularly in several areas of communication theory. In every instance, part of the output is fed back as new input to modify and improve the subsequent output of a system. The importance of feedback mechanisms has also been pointed out by  Norbert Wiener. He theorized that all intelligent behavior is the result of feedback mechanisms and that they could therefore contribute to the creation artificial intelligence.
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