Copyright Management and Control Systems: Pre-Infringement Pre-infringement copyright management and control systems that inhibit or control infringement of intellectual property may be put into place by copyright owners before distributing their works. Examples are: Contracts Contracts are a pre-infringement control method, which very often is underestimated. Properly formed contracts enable copyright holders to restrict the use of their works in excess of the rights granted under copyright laws. Copy Protection This approach was standard in the 1980s, but rejected by consumers and relatively easy to break. Still copy protection, whereby the vendor limits the number of times a file can be copied, is used in certain situations. Limited Functionality This method allows copyright owners to provide a copy of the work, which is functionally limited. Software creators, for example, can distribute software that cannot print or save. A fully functional version has to be bought from the vendor. Date Bombs Here the intellectual property holder distributes a fully functional copy but locks off access at a pre-specified date or after a certain number of uses.

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Ross Perot Ross Perot, founder of EDS, is one of the richtest individuals of the US, and former presidential candidate of the Reform Party. A staunch patriot, Perot has been know for his aggressive business practices as well as for his close relationships to the military and other US governmental bodies. Perot reached 19 % in the 1992 presidential elections, but dropped to less than 10 % in 1996. Official website: http://www.perot.org/ Unofficial website: http://www.realchange.org/perot.htm http://www.eds.com/ http://www.perot.org/ http://www.realchange.org/perot.htm

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