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WORLD-INFOSTRUCTURE > DISINFORMATION AND DEMOCRACY

Abstract Introduction Disinformation - A Definition The Inflation of Disinformation-Messages A non-history of disinformation Propaganda The history of propaganda The ancient Greek The Egyptians ... The Romans The Catholic Church The big "change" ... New Forms of Propaganda (in the 19th Century) World War I ... The British Propaganda Campaign in World War I The "Corpse-Conversion Factory"-rumor U.S.-Propaganda in World War I World War II ... The Post-World-War II-period The Tools of Disinformation and Propaganda Atrocity Stories Cartoons Posters Movies as a Propaganda- and Disinformation-Tool in World War I and II Radio Television Positive Images Two Examples of Disinforamtion in the Eastern Bloc White Propaganda Bandwagon Democracy A Republican Example Disinformation and the Media A Democratic Atrocity Story Doubls Bind Messages The Secret Behind It is always the others The Role of the Media Credibility Changes The Theory of the Celestro-Centric World The Right to get Disinformed Another voluntary Disinformation Globalization as a modern Disinformation An Example of commercial Disinformation on the Internet Infowar Racism on the Internet Disinformation and Science Kyoko Data Further Tools: Photography Exchange of the Text The Gulf War The Kosovo-Crisis The 2nd Chechnya-War Conclusion  INDEX CARD     RESEARCH MATRIX  Optical communication system by Aeneas Tacitus, 4th century B.C. Aeneas Tacitus, a Greek military scientist and cryptographer, invented an optical communication system that combines water and beacon telegraphy. Torches indicated the beginnings and the ends of message transmissions while water jars were used to transmit the messages. These jars had a plugged standard-size hole drilled on the bottom side and were filled with water. As those who sent and those who received the message unplugged the jars simultaneously, the water drained out. Because the transmitted messages corresponded to water levels, the sender indicated by torch signal that the appropriate water level has been reached. It is a disadvantage that the possible messages are restricted to a given code, but as this system was mainly used for military purposes, this was offset by the advantage that it was almost impossible for outsiders to understand these messages unless they possessed the codebook. With communication separated from transportation, the distant became near. Tacitus' telegraph system was very fast and not excelled until the end of the 18th century. For further information see Joanne Chang & Anna Soellner, Decoding Device, http://www.smith.edu/hsc/museum/ancient_inventions/decoder2.html http://www.smith.edu/hsc/museum/ancient_inven...