Media concentration can occur in a variety of ways and for different reasons. Companies can integrate horizontally and vertically or through product diversification and internationalization. Often media concentration is considered to have a detrimental effect upon democratic systems, which vitally depend on a diverse media system, that reflects the whole variety of ideas, viewpoints and opinions that exist in a society and represents a wide range of political and cultural societal groups.
A concentrated media market might not only have a disadvantageous impact upon pluralism and allow media owners a heightened influence on public opinion, but can also enable the large market players to close the market to new entrants, independent producers, or drive out weaker competitors. In this case the result may be a market monopoly or oligopoly, which besides being considered counter-competitive in the media market also produces social costs.
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Founded in 1929 Disney primarily engages in child and adult entertainment. Starting with the production of animated motion-picture cartoons in the late 1940s Disney began to make also nature documentaries and live-action motion pictures, as well as short cartoons and live-action programs for television. In 1955 the company opened Disneyland, which was their first amusement park. Further openings of amusement parks in the U.S. and Europe followed. In 1996 Disney acquired Capital Cities/ABC Inc., which owned the ABC television network.
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