ECHELON Main Stations Location Country Target/Task Relations MORWENSTOW UK INTELSAT, Atlantic, Europe, Indian Ocean NSA, GCHQ SUGAR GROVE USA INTELSAT, Atlantic, North and South America NSA YAKIMA FIRING CENTER USA INTELSAT, Pacific NSA WAIHOPAI NEW ZEALAND INTELSAT, Pacific NSA, GCSB GERALDTON AUSTRALIA INTELSAT, Pacific NSA, DSD MENWITH HILL UK Sat, Groundstation, Microwave(land based) NSA, GCHQ SHOAL BAY AUSTRALIA Indonesian Sat NSA, DSD LEITRIM CANADA Latin American Sat NSA, CSE BAD AIBLING GERMANY Sat, Groundstation NSA MISAWA JAPAN Sat NSA PINE GAP AUSTRALIA Groundstation CIA FORT MEADE USA Dictionary Processing NSA Headquarters WASHINGTON USA Dictionary Processing NSA OTTAWA CANADA Dictionary Processing CSE CHELTENHAM UK Dictionary Processing GCHQ CANBERRA AUSTRALIA Dictionary Processing DSD WELLINGTON NEW ZEALAND Dictionary Processing GCSB Headquarters

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Comsat The Communications Satellite Cooperation provides international communications solutions via the global, 17-satellite INTELSAT system and 4-satellite INMARSAT satellite systems. Calls are beamed up to the satellite and back down to Earth, where special gateway land earth stations re-route them through the appropriate local or international telephone network. COMSAT operates Earth Stations in each part of the world to route calls efficiently within each ocean region. Earth Stations are located in Santa Paula, California; Southbury, Connecticut; Ankara, Turkey; and Kuantan, Malaysia. http://www.comsat.com/default.htm

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UKUSA In 1948 the former alliance of USA, UK, Canada, Australia an New Zealand established in World War II was formalized into the UKUSA Signals and Intelligence agreement to aim primarily together against the former USSR, although readers of the agreement say, that it is definitely only signed by the United States and Britain. A number of other countries' SIGINT agencies also participate in the UKUSA community, including those of Germany, Japan, Norway, South Korea, and Turkey. These countries are sometimes described as "Third Party" members of the agreement. In addition, some countries, such as China, host UKUSA SIGINT stations or share SIGINT on a more limited basis.

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