World War II ...

Never before propaganda had been as important as in the 2nd World War. From now on education was one more field of propaganda: its purpose was to teach how to think, while pure propaganda was supposed to show what to think.
Every nation founded at least one ministry of propaganda - of course without calling it that way. For example the British called it the Ministry of Information (= MOI), the U.S. distinguished between the Office of Strategic Services (= OSS) and the Office of War Information (= OWI), the Germans created a Ministry of Propaganda and Public Enlightenment (= RMVP) and the Japanese called their disinformation and propaganda campaign the "Thought War".
British censorship was so strict that the text of an ordinary propaganda leaflet, that had been dropped from planes several million times, was not given to a journalist who asked for it.

Atrocity stories were no longer used the same way as in the 1st World War. Instead, black propaganda was preferred, especially to separate the Germans from their leaders.
German war propaganda had started long before the war. In the middle of the 1930s Leni Riefenstahl filmed Hitler best propaganda movies. For the most famous one, "Triumph of the Will" (1935), she was the only professional filmier who was allowed to make close-up pictures of her admirer.

Some of the pictures of fear, hatred and intolerance still exist in people's heads. Considering this propaganda did a good job, unfortunately it was the anti-national-socialist propaganda that failed at that time.

TEXTBLOCK 1/5 // URL: http://world-information.org/wio/infostructure/100437611661/100438658610
 
Doubls Bind Messages

Double bind messages are extremely effective.
For example in Nicaragua the Sandinistas were seen as the personification of the evil. Demonization was the tool to make the U.S.-population to believe that. And the propaganda, called "Operation Truth", succeeded - and is successful until today. The Sandinistas are still considered an enemy in the head of the people. The media played the role of spreading propaganda - nearly without any criticism.
By the end of the 1980s the USA even paid Nicaraguans for voting other parties than the Sandinistas.

El Salvador was a similar case. Again the guerrilla got demonized. The difference was the involvement of the Catholic Church, which was highly fought against by the ruling parties of El Salvador - and those again were financially and organizationally supported by the USA. The elections in the 1980s were more or less paid by the USA.
U.S.-politicians were afraid El Salvador could end up being a second Cuba or Nicaragua. Every means was correct to fight this tendency, no matter what it cost.
On the 21st of September 1996, the Washington Post published several documents proofing an old rumor: not only that Central American soldiers had been educated in a U.S.-army school (the SOA), they also were taught to use torture as a method against revolutionaries. Some of the Salvadorian "students" of that school became very famous for being extremely cruel, one of them being General Roberto d'Aubuisson (35), the person who ordered the killing of Archbishop Oscar Romero in 1980.

TEXTBLOCK 2/5 // URL: http://world-information.org/wio/infostructure/100437611661/100438658752
 
Racism on the Internet

The internet can be regarded as a mirror of the variety of interests, attitudes and needs of human kind. Propaganda and disinformation in that way have to be part of it, whether they struggle for something good or evil. But the classifications do no longer function.
During the last years the internet opened up a new source for racism as it can be difficult to find the person who gave a certain message into the net. The anarchy of the internet provides racists with a lot of possibilities to reach people which they do not possess in other media, for legal and other reasons.

In the 1980s racist groups used mailboxes to communicate on an international level; the first ones to do so were supposedly the Ku Klux Klan and mailboxes like the Aryan Nations Liberty Net. In the meantime those mailboxes can be found in the internet. In 1997 about 600 extreme right websites were in the net, the number is growing, most of them coming from the USA. The shocking element is not the number of racist pages, because still it is a very small number compared to the variety of millions of pages one can find in this media, it is the evidence of intentional disinformation, the language and the hatred that makes it dangerous.
A complete network of anti-racist organizations, including a high number of websites are fighting against racism. For example:

http://motlc.wiesenthal.com/text/x32/xr3257.html

http://www.aranet.org/

http://www.freespeech.org/waronracism/files/allies.htm
http://www.nsdapmuseum.com
http://www.globalissues.org/HumanRights/Racism.asp

TEXTBLOCK 3/5 // URL: http://world-information.org/wio/infostructure/100437611661/100438658620
 
A Democratic Atrocity Story

Part of the disinformation-campaign of most Western states is the connection between the free market and democracy, pretending that the one entails the other. Development assistance is built on this false spiral. And the vision that the Westerners are needed, that they should intervene and influence, is a perpetuate misunderstanding on purpose. Those who earn money and a good reputation out of it, go on with this atrocity story.

TEXTBLOCK 4/5 // URL: http://world-information.org/wio/infostructure/100437611661/100438658619
 
ECHELON Main Stations

Location

Country

Target/Task

Relations

MORWENSTOW

UK

INTELSAT, Atlantic, Europe, Indian Ocean

NSA, GCHQ

SUGAR GROVE

USA

INTELSAT, Atlantic, North and South America

NSA

YAKIMA FIRING CENTER

USA

INTELSAT, Pacific

NSA

WAIHOPAI

NEW ZEALAND

INTELSAT, Pacific

NSA, GCSB

GERALDTON

AUSTRALIA

INTELSAT, Pacific

NSA, DSD

















MENWITH HILL

UK

Sat, Groundstation, Microwave(land based)

NSA, GCHQ

SHOAL BAY

AUSTRALIA

Indonesian Sat

NSA, DSD

LEITRIM

CANADA

Latin American Sat

NSA, CSE

BAD AIBLING

GERMANY

Sat, Groundstation

NSA

MISAWA

JAPAN

Sat

NSA

















PINE GAP

AUSTRALIA

Groundstation

CIA

















FORT MEADE

USA

Dictionary Processing

NSA Headquarters

WASHINGTON

USA

Dictionary Processing

NSA

OTTAWA

CANADA

Dictionary Processing

CSE

CHELTENHAM

UK

Dictionary Processing

GCHQ

CANBERRA

AUSTRALIA

Dictionary Processing

DSD

WELLINGTON

NEW ZEALAND

Dictionary Processing

GCSB Headquarters



TEXTBLOCK 5/5 // URL: http://world-information.org/wio/infostructure/100437611746/100438659207
 
Augustus

Gaius Julius Caesar Octavian Augustus (63 BC - 14 AD) was adopted by Julius Caesar and became the first Roman Emperor. While he was very successful in military affairs abroad, he tried to bring back law and order to the Roman population. He was most interested in arts and philosophy.

INDEXCARD, 1/5
 
Ku Klux Klan

The Ku Klux Klan has a long history of violence. It emerged out of the resentment and hatred many white Southerners. Black Americans are not considered human beings. While the menace of the KKK has peaked and waned over the years, it has never vanished.

INDEXCARD, 2/5
 
Adolf Hitler

Adolf Hitler (1889-1945) was the head of the NSdAP, the National Socialist Workers' Party. Originally coming from Austria, he started his political career in Germany. As the Reichskanzler of Germany he provoked World War II. His hatred against all non-Aryans and people thinking in a different way killed millions of human beings. Disinformation about his personality and an unbelievable machinery of propaganda made an entire people close its eyes to the most cruel crimes on human kind.

INDEXCARD, 3/5
 
Saddam Hussein

Saddam Hussein joined the revolutionary Baath party when he was a university student. In 1958 he had the head of Iraq, Abdul-Karim Qassim, killed. Since 1979 he has been President of Iraq. Under his reign Iraq fought a decade-long war with Iran. Because of his steady enmity with extreme Islamic leaders the West supported him first of all, until his army invaded Kuwait in August 1990, an incident that the USA led to the Gulf War. Since then many rumors about a coup d'état have been launched, but Saddam Hussein is still in unrestricted power.

INDEXCARD, 4/5
 
Boris Yeltsin

Boris Yeltsin was Russian President until the end of 1999. After many years of work for the Communist Party, he joined the Politburo in 1986. His sharp critique on Mikhail Gorbachev forced that one to resign. Yeltsin won the 1990 election into Russian presidency and quit the Communist Party. Quarrels with the Parliament could not destroy his popularity until the secession war with Chechnya. When the Russian economy collapsed in 1998, he dismissed his entire government. In the end the sick old man of Russian politics had lost all his popularity as a president and resigned for the benefit of his political son Vladimir Putin.

INDEXCARD, 5/5