The Advertising Industry

The advertising industry is dominated by three huge advertising networks, which offer their services throughout the world. Gross income of the three leading agencies is twice as much, as the one of places four to ten.

Table: World's Top 10 Advertising Organizations 1999

(figures in millions of U.S. dollars)

Rank 1999

Advertising Organization

Headquarters

World-Wide Gross Income 1999

1

Omnicom

New York, USA

$ 5,743.4

2

Interpublic Group of Cos.

New York, USA

$ 5,079.3

3

WPP Group

London, UK

$ 4,819.3

4

Havas Advertising

Levallois-Perret, France

$ 2,385.1

5

Dentsu

Tokyo, Japan

$ 2,106.8

6

B Com3 Group

Chicago, USA

$ 1,933.8

7

Young & Rubicam Inc.

New York, USA

$ 1,870.1

8

Grey Advertising

New York, USA

$ 1,577.9

9

True North

Chicago, USA

$ 1,489.2

10

Publicis SA

Paris, France

$ 1,434.6



Table: Top 10 Global Marketers 1998

(figures in millions of U.S. dollars)

Rank 1998

Advertiser

Headquarters

World-Wide Media Spending 1998

1

Procter & Gamble Co.

Cincinnati (US)

$ 4,747.6

2

Unilever

Rotterdam (NL)/London (UK)

$ 3,428.5

3

General Motors Corp.

Detroit (US)

$ 3,193.5

4

Ford Motor Co.

Darborn (US)

$ 2,229.5

5

Philip Morris Cos.

New York

$ 1,980.3

6

Daimler Chrysler

Stuttgart (GER)/Auburn Hills (US

$ 1,922.2

7

Nestle

Vevey (SUI)

$ 1,833.0

8

Toyota Motor Corp.

Toyota City (JP)

$ 1,692.4

9

Sony Corp.

Tokyo (JP)

$ 1,337.7

10

Coca-Cola Co.

Atlanta (US)

$ 1,327.3



On the other hand the three biggest advertisers only spend about US$ 2 millions less than places four to ten together. Whereas money spent on advertising in traditional media comes from very diverse categories, companies offering computer hard- and software, peripherals or Internet services mainly pay for on-line advertisements.

Table: Top 10 Internet Advertisers 1998

(figures in millions of U.S. dollars)

Rank 1998

Advertiser

Internet Spending 1998

1998 - 1997 % Change

1

Microsoft Corp.

$ 34.9

9.4

2

IBM Corp.

$ 28.5

58.6

3

Compaq Computer Corp.

$ 16.2

169.8

4

General Motors Corp.

$ 12.7

84.8

5

Excite

$ 12.4

1.5

6

Infoseek Corp.

$ 9.3

22.3

7

AT&T Corp.

$ 9.3

43.5

8

Ford Motor Co.

$ 8.6

46.7

9

Hewlett-Packard Co.

$ 8.1

102.9

10

Barnes & Noble

$ 7.6

280.2



Source: Advertising Age

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The Role of the Media

To be able to participate in community life and make political choices citizens heavily rely on information. They need to know what is going on and the options that they should weigh, debate and act upon. An essential element for a functioning public sphere therefore is information.

Whereas formerly communication mostly happened on a face-to-face basis in large and complex societies (mass) media have evolved as the principal source of information. They act as a transport medium for the information necessary for a citizen's participation in the public sphere. Ideally there should be a wide range of media, that represent the diverse opinions and viewpoints on issues of public interest existent in a society and which are independent of the state and society's dominant economic forces.

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The Rocky Horror Picture Show

The story of Frank-N-furter, Brad and Janet ... Don't dream it, be it!

http://www.rockyhorrorpictureshow.com/

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CNN

CNN is a U.S.-TV-enterprise, probably the world's most famous one. Its name has become the symbol for the mass-media, but also the symbol of a power that can decide which news are important for the world and which are not worth talking about. Every message that is published on CNN goes around the world. The Gulf War has been the best example for this until now, when a CNN-reporter was the one person to do the countdown to a war. The moments when he stood on the roof of a hotel in Baghdad and green flashes surrounded him, went around the world.

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