Table: Media References to Major U.S. Think Tanks Think Tank Political Orientation Number of Media Citations 1995 Number of Media Citations 1996 Number of Media Citations 1997 Brookings Institution U.S. Centrist 2192 2196 2296 Heritage Foundation U.S. Conservative 2268 1779 1813 American Enterprise Institute U.S. Conservative 1297 1401 1323 Cato Institute U.S. Conservative/libertarian 1163 1136 1286 RAND Corporation U.S. Center-right 795 826 865 Council on Foreign Relations U.S. Centrist 747 727 755 Center for Strategic and International Studies U.S. Conservative 612 586 668 Urban Institute U.S. Center-left 749 655 610 Economic Policy Institute U.S. Progressive 399 452 576 Freedom Forum U.S. Centrist 496 625 531 Hudson Institute U.S. Conservative 354 396 481 Institute for International Economics U.S. Centrist 410 288 438 Center on Budget and Policy Priorities U.S. Progressive - 359 425 Hoover Institution U.S. Conservative 570 350 355 Carnegie Endowment U.S. Centrist 517 502 352 Competitive Enterprise Institute U.S. Conservative 298 205 290 Manhattan Institute U.S. Conservative 254 227 261 Progressive Policy Institute U.S. Centrist 455 279 251 International Institute for Strategic Studies U.S. Conservative 177 145 177 Institute for Policy Studies U.S. Progressive 161 110 172 Worldwatch Institute U.S. Progressive 201 186 168 Center for Defense Information U.S. Progressive 136 187 158 Joint Center for Political and Economic Studies U.S. Center-left 255 228 158 Progress and Freedom Foundation U.S. Conservative 570 234 122 Reason Foundation U.S. Conservative/libertarian 229 133 92

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Edward Heath Conservative prime minister of Great Britain from 1970 to 1974. Of modest origins, Heath was educated at Oxford, where he was elected president of the University Conservative Association in 1937. In 1938, as chairman of the Federation of University Conservative Associations and president of the Oxford Union, he actively opposed the policy of appeasement toward Nazi Germany pursued by the Conservative prime minister Neville Chamberlain. He served in the army during World War II, worked in the Ministry of Civil Aviation in 1946-47, was editor of the Church Times from January 1948 to October 1949, and then became a member of a merchant banking firm.

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