Further Tools: Photography

Art has always contributed a lot to disinformation.
Many modern tools for disinformation are used in art/photography.
Harold D. Lasswell once stated that propaganda was cheaper than violence. Today this is no longer true. Technology has created new tools for propaganda and disinformation - and they are expensive. But by now our possibilities to manipulate pictures and stories have gone so far that it can get difficult to tell the difference between the original and a manipulation.

Trillions of photographs have been taken in the 20th century. Too many to look at, too many to control them and their use. A paradise for manipulation.
We have to keep in mind: There is the world, and there exist pictures of the world, which does not mean that both are the same thing. Photographs are not objective, because the photographer selects the part of the world which is becoming a picture. The rest is left out.

Some tools for manipulation of photography are:



Some of those are digital ways of manipulation, which helps to change pictures in many ways without showing the manipulation.

Pictures taken from the internet could be anything and come from anywhere. To proof the source is nearly impossible. Therefore scientists created on watermarks for pictures, which make it impossible to "steal" or manipulate a picture out of the net.

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Sugar Grove Station

Latitude: 38.497387 Longitude: -79.273876

Sugar Grove Naval Communications Facility, near Sugar Grove, WV, intercepts Pacific INTELSAT/COMSAT satellite communications traffic routed through the COMSAT ground station at Etam, WV. This facility has four antenna, with diameters of 9.2, 18.5, 32.3 and 46 meters.

Source: http://www.fas.org/irp/nsa/nsafacil.html

http://www.fas.org/irp/nsa/nsafacil.html
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Pine Gap Station



Pine Gap, run by the CIA, is near Alice Springs in central Australia and mostly an underground facility. Pine Gap was mainly established to serve as the groundstation and downlink for reconnaissance satellites like the RHYOLITE and ORION system. The facility consists of more than 7 large antennas in randomes. In Pine Gap's Signals Processing Office transmitted signals are received and transformed for further analysis.There is a no fly zone 4km around PG, and local land holders have agreed not to allow "visitors" access to there properties. It is said that Pine Gap employs nearly 1000 people, mainly from the CIA and the U.S. National Reconnaissance Office (NRO).

Source:

Jeffrey T. Richelson, The U.S. Intelligence Community, (Westview Press, 4th ed., 1999)p190

Nicky Hager, Secret Power, New Zealand's role in the internatinal spy network, (Craig Potton, 1996)p34ff

Pictures of Pine Gap

http://www.networx.com.au/home/slider/Pine-Gap.htm

http://www.networx.com.au/home/slider/Pine-Ga...
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Bad Aibling Station

Latitude: 47.86353, Longitude: 12.00983

RSOC - Bad Aibling is a ground station for the interception of civil and military satellite communications traffic operated by the NSA. About 1000 personnel are on the staff at the Bad Aibling Regional SIGINT Operations Center in Germany, which conducts satellite communications interception activities and is also a downlink station for geostationary SIGINT satellites, like the CANYON program or the MAGNUM/ORION system. Operational responsibility of the groundstation was transfered to the ARMY Intelligence and Security Command in 1995, but there is also influence from the Air Force's 402nd Intelligence Squadron. Till the end of the cold war the main target was the Soviet Union.

for more information:

Description by FAS intelligence resource program.

http://www.fas.org/irp/facility/bad_aibling.htm

Description of the tasks of the Signals Intelligence Brigade.

http://www.fas.org/irp/doddir/army/fm34-37_97/6-chap.htm

Look at a detailed guide for military newbies at Bad Aibling.

http://www.dmdc.osd.mil/sites/owa/Installation.prc_Home?p_SID=&p_DB=P

http://www.fas.org/irp/facility/bad_aibling.h...
http://www.fas.org/irp/doddir/army/fm34-37_97...
http://www.dmdc.osd.mil/sites/owa/Installatio...
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