The Theory of the Celestro-Centric World In 1870 the U.S.-American C.R.Teed, inspired by the lecture of the bible and elder believers (like Edmund Halley in 1692), developed a new model of the world. In Germany the idea was published by Karl Neupert. In the 1930s the theory got famous, when it was published as the new world-vision. Though the theories differed slightly, all authors imagined the world as a ball, where human beings live inside. In the middle are the moon and the sun - and also God, sitting in the center. for further details see: http://www.angelfire.com/il/geocosmos/ http://home.t-online.de/home/Werner_Lang Those who believe in it, call it the truth, those who simply like the idea, may call it a parallel science. Others call it disinformation, asking for the reasons to spread it. The turning to the inside, where there is no way out, produces a different reality. It shows that realities are always produced. Political conservatives and racists like Hitler were fascinated by the idea and tried to present it as a new truth, a new reality, which was possible to make ideological use of.

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The ancient Greek Disinformation was seen as an appropriate tool of politics and rhetoric in ancient Greece. Most of all persuasion was used, which then was considered a type of art. Religion was (and in many ways still is) the best disinformer or manipulator; prophecies were constructed to manipulate the population. The important thing was to use emotions and more than anything else fear as a tool for manipulation. If the oracle of Delphi said a war was to fight and would be won, then the Greek population - because of religious motives - was prepared to fight that war. Propaganda was not only used in wars but also in daily life to bring people together and create a nation. But poets, playwrights and other artists were manipulating as well. Their pieces of literature and plays were full of political messages with different ideologies behind. In the way how theatre at that time was part of life, it can be understood easily that those messages had not only entertainment's character but also a lot of political and social influence. A different and very famous part of disinformation in ancient Greek history was the story of Themistocles, who won the battle of Salamis against the Persians.

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Xerxes Xerxes (~519-465 BC) was Persian King from 485-465 BC. He led his Army against the Greek but finally was defeated. He was the father of Alexander the Great.

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1896 1896 The Daily Mail was published in Great Britain. It was the first newspaper for the masses. With the emerging of newspapers the manner how politics was perceived by the public changed completely. It became more difficult to keep secrets, while at the same time there was suddenly a new and nearly perfect tool for manipulation.

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