The 19th Century: Machine-Assisted Manufacturing
Eli Whitney's proposal for a simplification and standardization of component parts marked a further milestone in the advance of the automation of work processes. In 1797 he suggested the manufacture of muskets with completely interchangeable parts. As opposed to the older method under which each gun was the individual product of a highly skilled gunsmith and each part hand-fitted, his method permitted large production runs of parts that were readily fitted to other parts without adjustment and could relatively easy be performed by machines.
By the middle of the 19th century the general concepts of division of labor, assembly of standardized parts and machine-assisted manufacture were well established. On both sides of the Atlantic large factories were in operation, which used specialized machines to improve costs, quality and quantity of their products.
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PR Firms and their Mission
Looking at how public relations practitioners advertise their services, they do not primarily seem to be followers of the "social engineering" approach. Burson-Marsteller, the worlds leading PR agency, for example sells itself as a specialist in "... public affairs, government relations, crisis communication, investor relations, environmental issues and marketing communications ... experienced at orchestrating effective campaigns, which motivate the right behaviors.". Porter Novelli, third largest international PR company, somewhat more aggressive promises, that their marketing-based public relations "... penetrate the consumer psyche - where - your target audiences work, learn, play or shop, through everything they read, hear and see.". While Porter Novelli seems to be specialized in psychological warfare, Fleishman-Hillard highlights its know-how and experience in government relations programs. "We have handled some of the nation's most challenging public policy issues, including issues affecting the environment, from clean air to agricultural chemicals; aviation safety; regressive taxes; international trade; and human rights.". To handle those difficult tasks, Fleishman-Hillard maintains "... an effective, professional lobbying team that includes registered lobbyists recruited from the Senate and the House."
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Bad Aibling Station
Latitude:
47.86353, Longitude: 12.00983
RSOC
- Bad Aibling is a ground station for the interception of civil and
military satellite communications traffic operated by the NSA.
About 1000 personnel are on the staff at the Bad Aibling Regional
SIGINT
Operations Center in Germany, which conducts satellite communications
interception activities and is also a downlink station for
geostationary SIGINT satellites, like the CANYON
program or the MAGNUM/ORION system. Operational responsibility of the
groundstation was transfered to the ARMY Intelligence and Security
Command in 1995, but there is also influence from the Air Force's
402nd Intelligence Squadron. Till the end of the cold war the main
target was the Soviet Union.
for
more information:
Description
by FAS intelligence resource program.
http://www.fas.org/irp/facility/bad_aibling.htm
Description
of the tasks of the Signals Intelligence Brigade.
http://www.fas.org/irp/doddir/army/fm34-37_97/6-chap.htm
Look
at a detailed guide for military newbies at Bad Aibling.
http://www.dmdc.osd.mil/sites/owa/Installation.prc_Home?p_SID=&p_DB=P
http://www.fas.org/irp/facility/bad_aibling.h...
http://www.fas.org/irp/doddir/army/fm34-37_97...
http://www.dmdc.osd.mil/sites/owa/Installatio...
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Citizens for a Sound Economy
Since 1984, Citizens for a Sound Economy has advocated market-based solutions to public policy problems. Uniting its 250,000 members is the fundamental belief that a strong and vibrant free-market economic system offers the best hope for creating opportunity and improving the quality of life for every American.
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